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How to play Mancala

Mancala is one of the oldest board games in the world. Players take turns scooping seeds from a bowl and sowing them one by one around the board, trying to collect more seeds than their opponent. Kalah is the version most people learn first.

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Mancala game

Kalah (the most common Mancala)

  • Board: 6 bowls on each side and a big store at each end. Your store is on your right. Each bowl starts with 4 seeds (3 to 6 in other setups).
  • Sow: pick a bowl on your side, take all its seeds and drop one in each bowl going counter-clockwise, including your own store but never your opponent's.
  • Go again: if your last seed lands in your store, take another turn.
  • Capture: if your last seed lands in an empty bowl on your side and the bowl opposite has seeds, both go into your store.
  • The end: when either row is empty, each player puts the seeds left on their side into their own store. Most seeds wins.

Oware

  • 6 bowls a side, 4 seeds each. The stores only hold what you capture.
  • If your last seed makes a bowl on your opponent's side hold 2 or 3, you capture it, plus the bowls just before it that also hold 2 or 3.
  • A move that would take every seed your opponent has captures nothing (grand slam rule).
  • If your opponent has no seeds, you must give them some if you can.
  • First to 25 seeds wins.

Congkak

  • 7 bowls a side and 7 seeds in each. Both players start together, sowing at the same time.
  • If your last seed lands in a bowl on your side that already had seeds, scoop them up and keep sowing.
  • Last seed in your store means go again (up to two times in a row in our game).
  • Last seed in an empty bowl on your side captures it and the bowl opposite.

Tips

  • In Kalah, look for bowls whose seeds end exactly in your store. Chaining extra turns wins games.
  • Keep an eye on empty bowls on your side: they are capture traps for your opponent's seeds.
  • Don't leave a big bowl opposite one of your opponent's empty bowls.
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